48,498 research outputs found
Fully Constrained Majorana Neutrino Mass Matrices Using
In 2002, two neutrino mixing ansatze having trimaximally-mixed middle
() columns, namely tri-chi-maximal mixing () and
tri-phi-maximal mixing (), were proposed. In 2012, it was
shown that with as well as
with leads to the solution,
, consistent with the
latest measurements of the reactor mixing angle, . To obtain
and
, the type~I see-saw
framework with fully constrained Majorana neutrino mass matrices was utilised.
These mass matrices also resulted in the neutrino mass ratios,
.
In this paper we construct a flavour model based on the discrete group
and obtain the aforementioned results. A Majorana neutrino
mass matrix (a symmetric matrix with 6 complex degrees of freedom)
is conveniently mapped into a flavon field transforming as the complex 6
dimensional representation of . Specific vacuum alignments
of the flavons are used to arrive at the desired mass matrices.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
arXiv:1402.085
Deviations from Tribimaximal Neutrino Mixing using a Model with Symmetry
We present a model of neutrino mixing based on the flavour group
in order to account for the observation of a non-zero reactor mixing angle
(). The model provides a common flavour structure for the
charged-lepton and the neutrino sectors, giving their mass matrices a
`circulant-plus-diagonal' form. Mass matrices of this form readily lead to
mixing patterns with realistic deviations from tribimaximal mixing, including
non-zero . With the parameters constrained by existing
measurements, our model predicts an inverted neutrino mass hierarchy. We obtain
two distinct sets of solutions in which the atmospheric mixing angle lies in
the first and the second octants. The first (second) octant solution predicts
the lightest neutrino mass, ()
and the phase, (), offering the possibility of large observable violating
effects in future experiments.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Cosmic Neutrino Last Scattering Surface
Neutrinos decoupled from the rest of the cosmic plasma when the Universe was
less than one second old, far earlier than the photons which decoupled at
t=380,000 years. Surprisingly, though, the last scattering surface of the
neutrinos is much closer to us than that of the photons. Here we calculate the
properties of the last scattering surfaces of the three species of neutrinos.Comment: Important reference to earlier work of Bisnovatyi-Kogan and Seidov
added, and mis-spelling of Opher reference correcte
Disruption of reflecting Bose-Einstein condensates due to inter-atomic interactions and quantum noise
We perform fully three-dimensional simulations, using the truncated Wigner
method, to investigate the reflection of Bose-Einstein condensates from abrupt
potential barriers. We show that the inter-atomic interactions can disrupt the
internal structure of a cigar-shaped cloud with a high atom density at low
approach velocities, damping the center-of-mass motion and generating vortices.
Furthermore, by incorporating quantum noise we show that scattering halos form
at high approach velocities, causing an associated condensate depletion. We
compare our results to recent experimental observations.Comment: 5 figure
Fast algorithm for detecting community structure in networks
It has been found that many networks display community structure -- groups of
vertices within which connections are dense but between which they are sparser
-- and highly sensitive computer algorithms have in recent years been developed
for detecting such structure. These algorithms however are computationally
demanding, which limits their application to small networks. Here we describe a
new algorithm which gives excellent results when tested on both
computer-generated and real-world networks and is much faster, typically
thousands of times faster than previous algorithms. We give several example
applications, including one to a collaboration network of more than 50000
physicists.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Formation of fundamental structures in Bose-Einstein Condensates
The meanfield interaction in a Bose condensate provides a nonlinearity which
can allow stable structures to exist in the meanfield wavefunction. We discuss
a number of examples where condensates, modelled by the one dimensional Gross
Pitaevskii equation, can produce gray solitons and we consider in detail the
case of two identical condensates colliding in a harmonic trap. Solitons are
shown to form from dark interference fringes when the soliton structure,
constrained in a defined manner, has lower energy than the interference fringe
and an analytic expression is given for this condition.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, requires ioplppt.st
Effects of Ponderosa Pine Ecological Restoration on Forest Soils and Understory Vegetation in Northern Arizona
The human exclusion of wildfire and overgrazing by livestock since settlement have caused dramatic changes in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl ex Laws) forest ecosystems. These changes include increased numbers of tree stems, reduced understory cover and diversity, and the introduction of invasive, non-native understory species. This study evaluated the coverage and species composition of understory vegetation present in the âcool-seasonâ (late spring and early summer) in a ponderosa pine forest on grazed and ungrazed plots that had undergone restoration treatments on three different soil/geologic parent material types near Flagstaff, Arizona, twelve years after tree thinning and grazing exclosure treatments were applied. Several measured soil properties, such as soil respiration and temperature, were also evaluated in this study. Species richness of âcool-seasonâ vegetation was influenced more by grazing practices than restoration treatments. Differences could be less or greater when vegetation that is active later in the season is measured. Vegetative cover was significantly influenced by restoration treatments (9.3% cover under open canopies and 6.5% under dense canopies), probably due to differences in competition for light and other resources (i.e. soil moisture and nutrients). Unlike finding by Abella et al. (2015), who studied âwarm-seasonâ vegetation, âcool-seasonâ understory cover was not influenced by soil parent material type in this study, which might suggest that differences in understory cover due to soil properties are only seen shortly after restoration treatments are applied, or the time of year vegetation is evaluated may play a role in the differences seen. Soil respiration was highest on limestone soil parent material type (3.3 g C-CO2 m-2 day-1), and soil temperature was lowest under closed canopy treatments (15°C)
Microwave Imaging of Defects in Graphite Reinforced Composite Materials
In an effort to develop and evaluate new non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques for resin-matrix composites, we have investigated the feasibility of utilizing electromagnetic imaging for materials evaluation and has demonstrated the ability of existing electromagnetic imaging techniques to detect and locate flaws within carbon-epoxy samples. This paper presents the technical issues associated with using electromagnetic imaging for NDE measurements. These include the selection of test frequencies, sample orientation, signal processing techniques, and the impact of material properties on the measurement results. Measured results are presented for carbon-epoxy material samples
Holidaying with the family pet: No dogs allowed!
This paper assesses the extent to which dog owners located in Brisbane, Australia, wish to holiday with their pets, and whether there is a gap between this desire and reality. The paper also examines the extent to which this demand is being catered for by the tourism accommodation sector. The need for this study reflects the increasingly significant role dogs are playing in the lives of humans, and the scale
of the dog-owning population. The results suggest that, although there is a strong desire among dog owners to take holidays with their pets, the actualisation of this
desire is comparatively low. A significant obstacle to the realisation of this desire appears to be a dearth of pet-friendly accommodation. This has implications for the
ability of the tourism industry to benefit from this potentially lucrative market, that is, the dog-owning population
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